Zanthoxylum piperitum, or synonymously known as Fagara piperita, is a deciduous tree grown in East Asia, especially in Korea, Japan, and China. Commonly known as Japanese pepper, its fruit is widely used as a spice in Japanese cuisine to suppress unpleasant fishy and meaty odor and to produce a fresh flavor. In Korea, Z. piperitum has been used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain.

The fruits and leaves of Z. piperitum are reported to contain aliphatic acid amides, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, and other phenolic compounds. A glycoprotein isolated from Z. piperitum showed anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties, and fruits and leaves of Z. piperitum showed anti-oxidant and hepatoprotective effects.