Castanea crenata, commonly known as Japanese chestnut, is a species of chestnut originally native to Korea and Japan. The inner shell of C. crenatahas been used topically as an anti-wrinkle and skin firming agent for a long time in East Asia. In recent studies, it has been found that the extract of inner shell contains a relatively high amount of tannins, which are well-known polyphenolic anti-oxidants. It is also reported that the extracts contain ellagic acid, scoparone, and scopoletin, which show anti-oxidative activities including free radical scavenging activity, inhibition of lipid peroxidation, and protection against oxidative DNA damage. Extracts of inner shell also show anti-allergy and anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the production of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8, which are the cytokines related to inflammation. In a recent study, anti-wrinkle activity by inhibition of collagenase and elastase and skin brightening activity by inhibition of tyrosinase were reported.