Vaccinium myrtillus, commonly known as bilberry, whortleberry, or European blueberry. The sweet fruit of V. myrtillus contains one of the highest anthocyanin levels of any fruit and is popularly eaten both fresh and dried. The fruits have been used as an astringent to treat gastrointestinal problems and to protect blood vessels from oxidative stress. Topically, extracts treat mucous membrane inflammation in the throat and mouth, toners, and skin care products.